International Union for Circumpolar Health Ministry of Public Health and Social Development of RF Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Medical Polar Fund “Science” The Northern Forum

Abstracts

Environmental health

On studying the factual nutrition of the indigenous population of the Republic Sakha (Yakutia) on the basis of the households of 6 uluses and 2 towns, it was found out that the consumption of nutritional elements and energy doesn't correspond to the norms recommended by the Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Siberian Department of the Academy of Medical Science USSR for the regions of Siberia and the North. Thus the average daily consumption of proteins in male and female population of the Republic Sakha (Yakutia) accounts for 62,63 gr., that of fats accounts for 71,32 gr., kilocalories-2025,8. The norms recommended for the central zone of the regions of Siberia and the North account for 128-140 gr., 135,0-147,7 gr., 3200-3600 kc respectively. The diet of the population of Sakha (Yakutia) republic is predominantly carbohydrate: carbohydrates make up 55% of the total caloric value, whereas the recommended value is 44%. On analyzing the mineral and vitamin content of nutritional ration of the population of the given 6 uluses and 2 towns, a considerable deficit of mineral elements and vitamins was revealed.

Thus the study of factual nutrition of the population of the republic showed its considerable insufficiency and non-correspondence not only to the norms recommended for the population of the regions of Siberia and the North, but even to the european norms of physiological needs for various groups of population (1991). To a certain degree, the alteration of traditional diet, deterioration in economic situation, and low purchasing capacity of the majority of the population contributed to the emergence in Yakutia of disorders associated with an unbalanced diet. The described status of actual nutrition acts as a risk factor for development of chronic non-infectious diseases.

Since young horse meat belongs to essential traditional food products within the indigenous population of the Republic Sakha it has been exceedingly important to study the fatty acid composition of adipose tissue lipids of young Yakut horses. The research work was done on a request from the Production Technology Laboratory of the State Unitary Enterprise (GUP) “Tuymaada-As” of the Republic Sakha. Lipids were extracted from tissues by Folch method, fatty acid methyl esters were derived by Stoffel, and fatty acids were analyzed by liquid-gas chromatography. Fatty acid composition of young horse meat was studied in comparison with that of beef fat. Medium molecular fatty acid (MMFA) content of the lipids of 6 month old young horses approximated that of milk fat lipids. It was observed that the adipose of 6 month old young horses contains higher amount of lipids (in 7-9 times) than the adipose of the 2,5 years old young horse and beef fat. Adipose tissue lipids of 6 month old young horses had high amounts of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA): the proportion of alpha-linolenic acid (C18:3) was 16,03% compared to 12,68% in the 2,5 year old young horses and 1,06% in beef fat.

In conclusion, the fat of Yakut horses is a source of omega-3 PUFA, which permits both to enrich a daily diet with omega-3 PUFA and to recommend young horse meat as a dietary product for the prevention of atherosclerosis and as a dietary means of preventing (or attenuating) PUFA deficiency in patients with ischemic heart disease and alimentary obesity. A remarkable resemblance of MMFA content of young horse meat to that of milk fat may be useful – after being approved by the corresponding studies – in steatorrheas of various geneses. Having common qualities with the milk fat the young horse adipose can be a perspective stuff (raw material) in production of dietetic and prophylactic food for children .

Note. Abstracts are published in author's edition

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Last update: 06-Jul-2012 (11:52:05)