Abstracts

Soil Ecosystems

The natural peat river stripings are the object of the kind of greate interest in paleoecological reconstuctions. We have carried out the research of the striping, located on the second terrace of the river Оb right bank with geographic coordinates in latitude 60о 111 N and longitude 79о 001 E. The thickness of peat makes up 4,00 m, the age of lower peat layer amounts 8525±125 years old. The surface of peat striping is occupied by oligotrophic pine-dwarf scrub-sphagnous facies (Sphagnum fuscum complex) now.

The basic methods of reconstruction are: spore-pollen, botanical and radiocarbon analysis of peat. The climate characteristics are: mean value of annual, Yanuary, Yuli temperature and quantity of precipitations reconstructed with help of information-statistical method. Succession dynamics of vegetation along the bog, in Ob valley and watershed is shown in Holocene according to Blitt-Sernander periods.

Boreal period (BO) – 4,00-3,15 m. Within the bog took place a number of facies successions: еutrophic swamp subor а mesotrophic sedge-cotton-grass facies аoligotrophic pine-dwarf-shrub sphagnum complex. In river valley dark coniferous forests dominated, within watershed forest tundra and later - taiga. The climate of the period was colder and more dry compared to modern norm.

The Atlantic period (АТ) – 3,15-2,00 m. The bog was engaged by fuscum-riam. In river valley there were birch-dark coniferous forests prevalent, within watershed – taiga forests. Up to the middle of АТ1 there was observed a fast increase of temperature (about to 0,3о more) and precipitation (40 mm more) then the modern norm. In the second half of AT2 period the same vegetation was observed on the bog and in the river valley as well as within watershed. There was observed the increase of cedar and fir-tree share in the forest structure and the reduction of spruce and pine. The birch got the significant role in forest forming process.

Subboreal period (SB) – 2,00-1,35 m. Within the bog the fuscum-riam was replaced by pine-cotton-grass-sphagnum grouping of vegetation. In river valley and within watershed the same vegetation was observed. The reduction of birch and increase of cedar and pine role in forest forming process took place. Spruce-tree and fir-tree were not widely spread. The climate was like to up to date, what may be explained by the levelling influence of large river valley climate upon zonal climate. 

Subatlantic period – 1,35-0 m. The surface of bog was occupied by fuscum-riam again. Birch-dark coniferous forests were spread within river valley, taiga - along the watershed. Forest cover was similar to the modern one. The temperature and precipitation were like up to date in the middle of period and considerably warmer and more dry compared to modern norm.

Note. Abstracts are published in author's edition

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