Abstracts

Human Genome Diversity

Mitochondrial DNA variation was studied among more than 800 individuals from 8 different populations, who live in Volga-Ural region. The modern population of the Volga-Ural region is non-uniform in its ethnic structure and anthropological belonging. At present representatives of the Finno-Ugric branch of the Ural language family (Maris, Mordvins, Udmurts, Komi-permyaks and Komi-syryans) and Turkic branch of the Altai language family (Bashkirs, Tatars, Chuvashis) live here.

Most maternal lineages of all populations belong to western Eurasian mtDNA haplogroups, the exception is the sample of Bashkirs. The most frequent mtDNA haplogroups were H and U. Only a small fraction of established haplotypes was shared exclusively by Turkic or Finno-Ugric. Genetic diversity index, mean number of pairwise differences using HVSI have been calculated. Tatars and Mordvins had the highest extent of gene diversity.

Y chromosomes from 500 males belonging to 12 populations were haplotyped using biallelic markers and were classified into haplogroups. Y chromosomes of samples from Volga-Ural region belong mainly to the same haplogroups present among modern western Eurasians.

Nevertheless, for each nationality, the main features of the population structure of mtDNA and Y chromosome polymorphisms were revealed. For some populations, pronounced founder effect can be postulated. Thus, the main finding is apparent: a substantial portion of the studied populations haplotypes belong to European lineages.

Note. Abstracts are published in author's edition

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