Abstracts

Forest Ecosystems

Larix sibirica Ledeb. and Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Rupr. are the main forest-forming species of the East Siberian forest. The diversity of forest ecosystems completely results from the life state of the cenosis formation. Unsatisfactory state of the East Siberian forests requires the special comprehensive investigations including the modeling of functioning of forest ecosystems in natural conditions as well as in conditions subjected to technogenic impact. The recent methods of biotechnology, molecular and cell biology can be effectively used to reconstruct the forests by the native species both via the creation of the transgenic forms, possessing the increased resistance to the technogenic stress and via the screening of natural populations of the larch aimed at revealing the more resistant genotypes to the effects of the stress factors. The goal of the present paper is to apply the cell-biological modeling for screening and revealing the potential difference in genetic mechanisms of the resistance to fluorine compounds among the natural populations Larix gmelinii Ledeb., growing in biogeochemical province with high natural concentration of fluorine in the soil. The long-living cultures of the cells of larch callus have been obtained using the different type of explants (sites of megagametophytes, needles, segments of the auxiblasts). The influence of different concentrations of sodium fluoride (0.25 mM - 7.5 mM) and herbicide paraquat (0.1 nM - 2 μM on the growing characteristics of callus cells was studied using the in vitro cultures. A significant intraspecies polymorphism relative to the tolerance to the oxidative stress resulting from the impact of chemical compounds was found for L. sibirica and L.gmelinii. We consider that the revealed genotypes of the larch can be used for the reconstruction of forest ecosystems disturbed under the influence of the fluorine of the technogenic origin. The results of investigations show the perspectives of the cell-biological modeling for environmental and genetic studies of the larch in the forest ecosystems of East Siberia.

Note. Abstracts are published in author's edition

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