Abstracts

Soil Ecosystems

Diversity evaluation and monitoring of environmental components are the actual problems of science nowadays as consequence of antropogenic and natural changes of biosphere. Solving of this problem is connected with receiving, keeping, processing and analysis large number of data. So computer technology and methods should be wildly use. This is the aim of new science direction – bioinformatica that mean applying computer and mathematical methods in biology. What tasks of bioinformatica are in the field of soil science?

Data banks. Statistical information about soil properties at different times is necessary in block “soil”. The frame of soil diversity is diversity of soil forming factors, that should be taken account when structure of data bank would be created. So data about spatial variability of soil forming factors: rocks, relief et cetera, should be included in data bank, that may be done on base of geographic information system. Comparative and evolution aspects are important, so bank of data should contain information about “soil-memory” and “soil-life”.

Analysis and modeling of data. Keeping of large number of data without statistical methods of their analysis and receiving of reliable results is not effective. So it is necessary to develop and adapt probability, statistical and other methods of analysis and modeling of soil properties using real data. Statistical methods demand to keep not any individual ore average data about soil properties, but information about their variability using probability (statistical) distributions.

Modeling of processes. Models of soil processes (for example model of soil water-salt regime) should be directed on prognosis of probable changes of soils and soil cover in natural and anthropogenic evolution. Moreover, dynamic mathematical models may be used for optimization of observation of processes with short characteristic time. Comparison of prognosis received by means of mathematical models with real statistical data from data bank gives opportunity to improve models. So, data bank, methods of data analysis and mathematical models of processes are more effective in case of their interaction.

Note. Abstracts are published in author's edition

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