Abstracts

Novosibirsk participants

Navigation on internal waterways use of navigational canals and structures (locks and ship-elevators of various types). Such hydraulic structures also provide conditions for inland navigation at dams.
For correct choice of navigation passes' parameters, and also modes of their operation, the knowledge is necessary about the characteristics of transition hydrodynamic processes, which define of these structures' operation. Both experimental methods (laboratory researches), and mathematical modelling (including with engaging of the numerical methods) for the description and calculation of such processes are usually used for definition of these parameters. The analysis of the main processes of passing a vessel through a navigational structure (ship movement along an approach canal, ship entering into a chamber of navigational structure, ship lockage or its transportation in a chamber of ship elevator, ship going out from the chamber) is based on the consideration of hydrodynamic processes which occure at the motion of a vessel along the canal or chamber and are described by the coupled system of equations of the long waves theory and those for vessel displacements. These equations are represented respectively by a hyperbolic system of wave equations and by integro-differential equations for longitudional and vertical displacements (oscillations) of vessel in water. These, basic, equations are supplemented by an initial and boundary conditions, including an internal boundary conditions - a conjunction ones. These conditions represent the characteristic features of flow and forces interactions near bow and stern parts of a moving boat body (movable internal boundaries), at the junction of an approach canal with a chamber and at its junction with the main water body (with an upper or lower pools). These conditions are either represented by algebraic relationships or contain ordinary differential equations. Together with the basic equations they represent the operation of the hydraulic systems of lock chamber filling or movement mechanisms of ship-elevator chamber, as well as the operation of mechanisms of bringing a ship into a chamber (and out of it) or the operation of its propulsion devices.
The numerical procedures for solving the proposed systems of equations are elaborated. These techniques are based on the final-difference approximation on the movable grid (following the ship motion) according to explicit and implicit schemes with splitting process into physical components at the variable steps in time. The analytical solutions of certain problems under some simplifying assumptions are obtained.
The results of calculations are confirmed by laboratory experiments and full-scale tests of Krasnoyarsk ship-elevator. The same approaches allow to estimate main specifications of processes originating at different non-nominal and emergency situations in navigation passes (corrupting of a clow, partial closing of a clow, ship sitting on camera bottom, de-energization of hydraulic drive of inclined ship-elevator etc.).

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